Federalism is a highly decentralized form of governance which contains two or more governments: National, Regional and Local Governments. The national government holds the main power of the state as stated in the constitution of the land, there should be bicameral legislature and also written and rigid (not simply amendable) constitution.
Somalia is a post-conflict state in the horn of Africa which had a strong government for 40 years (1960-1991) of unitary system governance and more 20 years (1991-2012) of anarchy.
After the fall of the central government of Somalia in 1991 there were many attempts to rebuild Somali State by Somali elites and International Community.
In 2000 it was the first attempt of the formation of Transitional National Government (TNG) in Djibouti, in 2004 a transitional federal government was founded in Kenya and it was the first federal government of Somalia, in 2012 a legitimate federal government was formed and a new president elected in Mogadishu by Somali law-makers.
During the establishment of central governments for Somalia, there were two macro regions which existed in Somalia: Somaliland and Puntland although there were no effective corporation with the central government based in the capital of Mogadishu.
In 2012 the Somali rebel group Raskamboni backed by thousands of Kenyan troops captured the coastal town of Kismayo and formed the Jubba administration but the semi autonomous state of South west comprising of six regions including Lower Jubba, Middle Jubba and Gedo argues an agreement signed between the federal government of Somalia and the Raskamboni/Jubba administration. is null and void.
South west state is led by a veteran politician called Madobe Nunow Mohamed and has the overwhelming support of the people of South west regions. Kaatumo State is another disputed area between Puntland and Somaliland states of Somalia.
M. Okash Sugow